Key studies about smokeless tobacco

Harm reduction - freely available

• Carl V Philips (2009). Debunking the claim that abstinence is usually healthier for smokers than switching to a low-risk alternative, and other observations about anti-tobacco-harm-reduction arguments. Harm Reduction Journal 2009, 6:29
  http://www.harmreductionjournal.com/content/6/1/29
• Karl Erik Lund (2009). A tobacco-free society or tobacco harm reduction? Which objective is best for the remaining smokers in Scandinavia? SIRUS Report No. 6/2009. Norwegian Institute for Alcohol and Drug Research.
  http://www.sirus.no/files/pub/484/sirusrap.6.09.eng.pdf
• Coral E Gartner, Wayne D Hall (2009). The potential role of snus in tobacco harm reduction. Addiction 2009; 104, 1586-1587
  http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/fulltext/122529076/PDFSTART
  freely available!
• John Britton, Richard Edwards (2008). Tobacco smoking, harm reduction, and nicotine product regulation. The Lancet 2008; 371: 441-45
  http://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PII..
  you have to register to the page, but the article is free of charge

Gateway issue - freely available after registration

• H Furberg, C M Bulik, C Lerman, P Lichtenstein, N L Pedersen, P F Sullivan (2005). Is Swedish snus associated with smoking initiation or smoking cessation? Tobacco Control 2005; 14:422-424
  http://tobaccocontrol.bmj.com/content/14/6/422.full.pdf
  free for subscribed users only
• J Foulds, L Ramström, M Burke, K Fagerström (2003). Effect of smokeless tobacco (snus) on smoking and public health in Sweden. Tobacco Control 2003; 12:349-359
  http://tobaccocontrol.bmj.com/content/12/4/349.full
  free for subscribed users only

Pancreatic cancer - freely available

• Paolo Boffetta, Kurt Straif (2009). Use of smokeless tobacco and risk of myocardial infarction and stroke: systematic review with meta-analysis. BMJ 2009; 339:b3060
  http://www.bmj.com/cgi/content/full/339/aug18_2/b3060
  freely available!
• Zheng Sponsiello-Wang, Rolf Weitkunat, Peter N Lee (2008). Systematic review of the relation between smokeless tobacco and cancer of the pancreas in Europe and North America. BMC Cancer 2008, 8:356
  http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2612688/
  freely available!